Innovations in Rhinology — Pollution, Biologics, Regenerative Therapy & Immunology (Multi-Study Review)

Curated by Dr. Rohan Navelkar  – Recent Advances in ENT

Studies reviewed from Oct–Dec 2024

1. PM2.5 Pollution Proven to Increase CRSwNP Risk

Source: ENTtoday
File extract confirms: Long-term PM2.5 exposure increases risk of polyposis.

Urban patients—especially in Indian metros—face chronic mucosal inflammation driven by particulate air pollution.

Clinical takeaway:
Air-quality counselling should be routine in CRS and NP management.

2. Biologics Expanding CRS Treatment Options

a. Dupilumab for Refractory CRS in EGPA

• Significant polyp reduction

• Less steroid dependence

• Better asthma control
  
  

b. Stapokibart (new monoclonal antibody)

CROWNS-2 RCT: promising outcomes in severe CRSwNP.

3. Regenerative Rhinology — PRP + Hyaluronic Acid for Traumatic Anosmia

Results:

• Improved smell scores

• No major side effects

• Represents emerging regenerative therapy
  
  

This is one of the most promising shifts in post-traumatic anosmia treatment.

4. Eustachian Tube & Middle Ear Research

a. MFNS effective in Secretory Otitis Media

Mometasone furoate nasal spray improved:

• Hearing

• ET function

• Local inflammation
  
  

b. Gentamicin intranasal toxicity warning

Studies show auditory impairment with intranasal aminoglycosides.

5. Immunology & Rhinology

a. STING pathway inhibited by S. aureus in CRS

Reveals bacterial manipulation of innate immunity.

b. SLIT modifies gut microbiome

S. parasanguinis_B may be linked to improvement in allergic rhinitis.

Keywords

CRSwNP biologics 2024, pollution sinusitis risk PM2.5, PRP for anosmia, MFNS secretory otitis media, innate immunity STING CRS